Xav txog tias nchuav roj thiab dej rau hauv tib lub tais. Txawm tias nyuaj npaum li cas koj do, churn los yog co ob cov khoom xyaw, lawv yuav nyob twj ywm sib cais. Qhov no yog vim qee yam ntawm cov molecules tsuas yog nyiam rau cov molecules ntawm tib hom, thiab yog li cais. Hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim, emulsifiers khi roj thiab dej ua ke. Emulsifiers kuj khi sib txawv, tsis muaj cov khoom xyaw ua ke thiab tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev sib cais, ua rau cov khoom xws li saj zoo dua thiab lubricity.
Yog tias koj tau muaj ib lub ncuav mog qab zib, ib qho chocolate popsicle lossis kis margarine ntawm ib daim khob cij, koj muaj emulsifiers ua tsaug. Lawv tiv thaiv cov khoom xyaw sib txawv ntawm kev sib cais - vim tsis muaj leej twg xav noj margarine nrog roj lossis dej xwb!
Lawv ua haujlwm li cas?
Emulsifiers ua hauj lwm los ntawm stabilizing ib tug sib tov ntawm ob kua uas yuav txwv tsis pub cais. Feem ntau, emulsifiers hlub ob qho tib si roj (lipophilic) thiab dej (hydrophilic). Nws yog cov cuab yeej no uas tso cai rau cov khoom xyaw no sib tov.
Cov khoom siv emulsifiers
Kev siv cov roj tshwj xeeb rau emulsification tsis yog ib qho kev tsim tshiab niaj hnub no. Qe yog siv nyob rau hauv ci nyob rau hauv ib feem vim lawv emulsifying zog.
Ib yam li ntawd,emulsifiersyog siv rau hauv kev tsim khoom noj. Cov qhob cij, qhob noom xim kasfes, margarine, thiab cov khoom qab zib khov zoo li cov dej khov uas koj pom hauv koj lub khw muag khoom noj yog cov piv txwv ntau tshaj plaws. Lawv ua ice cream ntau dua, khob cij ua khob noom cookie firmer, thiab ntim khoom noj ntev dua.
Ib chav kawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag-raws li emulsifiers, monoglycerides thiab lawv cov derivatives, suav txog li 75% ntawm lub ntiaj teb emulsifier ntau lawm. Cov emulsifiers no feem ntau muab tau los ntawm xibtes los yog taum roj. Lecithin, uas feem ntau yog muab los ntawm cov taum pauv, canola, thiab sunflower roj, kuj yog ib qho emulsifier.
Puas yog emulsifiers muaj kev nyab xeeb?
Emulsifiers txhim kho saj thiab tsos ntawm cov zaub mov, thiab qee qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tswj xyuas qhov tshiab thiab ua kom lub neej ntev. Zoo li lwm yam khoom noj khoom haus ntxiv, cov koom haum tswj hwm xws li Food and Drug Administration (FDA) tshuaj xyuas cov emulsifiers muaj kev nyab xeeb rau noj.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cov khoom noj emulsifiers?
Khoom noj khoom haus emulsifiers tau siv ntau pua xyoo los tiv thaiv cov roj thiab dej ntawm cov tais diav los ntawm kev sib cais. Thaum muaj ntau yam kev ua noj ua haus uas tuaj yeem siv los pab cov roj thiab dej sib xyaw ua ke, siv cov emulsifier tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom tiav ruaj khov dua li nws yuav tsis muaj emulsifier. Kev lig kev cai, ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv cov khoom noj emulsifiers yog qe, uas feem ntau yog siv los khi cov khoom xyaw ua ke hauv cov khoom ci. Cov tshuaj emulsifiers yog tsim los ntawm qee cov tib lub molecular chains li ntuj emulsifiers thiab yog cov feem ntau siv emulsifiers hauv cov zaub mov tiav.
Ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv cov khoom noj emulsifiers yog qe. Qe yolks muaj ntau cov phospholipid compounds hu ua lecithin, uas yooj yim khi rau dej. Lecithin kuj tseem muaj nyob hauv cov roj los ntawm rapeseed, taum pauv, thiab lwm cov nroj tsuag uas tsim cov roj.
Cov kws tshawb fawb kuj tseem muaj peev xwm muab cov lecithin ntshiab los ntawm cov khoom no los ua cov hmoov los yog muab tshuaj txhuam uas tuaj yeem ntxiv rau cov zaub mov kom emulsify lawv yam tsis tau ntxiv roj lossis qe rau lub tais.
Monoglycerides yog ib qho khoom noj khoom haus emulsifier siv hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus. Muaj ntau ntau hom fatty acids uas tuaj yeem muab rho tawm los ntawm cov nroj tsuag lossis tsiaj los siv ua monoglycerides. Cov khoom noj emulsifiers no yog cov feem ntau siv emulsifiers vim tias lawv muaj ntau yam sib txawv, nrog rau kev muaj peev xwm los tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm kev nplaum dhau, tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm foaming, los yog ua npuas ncauj. Cov kev sib txawv no tshwm sim vim tias cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov fatty acids sib txawv.
Fatty acids kuj tuaj yeem ua ke rau hauv polyglycerol esters, uas yog siv los ua zaub mov emulsifiers. Raws li nrog monoglycerides, tus cwj pwm ntawm polyglycerol compound hloov nyob ntawm seb hom fatty acid siv los ua nws. Ntau ntawm cov tebchaw no yog qhov txaus nyiam rau ob qho tib si dej thiab roj, ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov tais diav uas ob lub ntsiab lus yuav tsum tiv thaiv kev sib cais.
